GreenStar Homes Certification Manual - GreenHome Institute

Access the free Greenstar

Checklist & manual here

GreenStar Homes
Certification Manual Version 4

Thank you for your interest in making the existing housing stock better. This resource is free and open-source for use with residential buildings, with a fee for consultation and certification.

Keep up-to-date with the latest workbook here, which can be used in Google Sheets or Excel for design evaluations.

If you are a GreenHome Institute Inspector or just want something to use to evaluate a home onsite for the basic level of GreenStar use our inspection form here.

The information in the manual below is not meant to be read like a book from front to back.

You can sort it by your project type and/or goals. In order to find what you are looking for, try using “control F” for keywords or clicking the links in the latest checklists on the credits which bookmark directly to each reference detail in the manual.

Watch our 3 part “how to achieve GreenStar Homes” webinar CE series to learn more

Green Home Improvements
by Category

Water leak detection and real-time metering

Water leak detection and real-time metering

Platinum

Similar to energy monitoring, water must be monitored in real time to determine water usage, waste, and savings opportunities. The water metering system must be able to detect water leaks and may be able to turn the water off automatically or inform the occupant of the leak.

Verification

Photos of the device installed and details of the device. Manual and training should include details on how to operate and track water use as well as what to do in case of a leak.

If installing new wood products, do not use tropical wood OR make sure it is certified

If installing new wood products, do not use tropical wood OR make sure it is certified

Gold | Platinum

To help alleviate pressure on tropical forests please specify Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) certified wood products if using wood from outside of North America or Europe.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute webinar: Sustainable Forestry Initiative & Green Building

Verification

Chain-of-custody documentation of any wood products used that are from tropical areas or a letter from the lumber supplier stating no tropical wood was used.

Tap water filtration added that is appropriate to the area

Tap water filtration added that is appropriate to the area

Gold | Platinum

Water quality is of great concern in regards to human health. Perform water quality testing and address any concerns. All drinking water must be filtered through reverse osmosis or other effective filtration system.

Alternative approach

N/A

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute webinar: Introduction to Air and Water Purification

Verification

Results of water tests. Photos and specifications of the installed filtration system. Details in the instructions to tenant or homeowner on how to maintain and operate the system

Insulate cold water pipes or keep them out of unconditioned space

Insulate cold water pipes or keep them out of unconditioned space

Gold | Platinum

Cold water pipes running in unconditioned spaces may have moisture issues, which could cause water damage. Keep these pipes out of those spaces, add conditioning or insulate the pipes to R4. In renovation projects, insulate as much of the piping that can be reached.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Insulating Plumbing Pipes

Verification

Photos of plumbing plans, if present, and photos of the installation and location of piping.

Add an air quality sensor to the main living area or ducts

Add an air quality sensor to the main living area or ducts

Gold | Platinum

With more affordable air sensors coming to the market it’s now easier than ever to continuously monitor air quality in a home and help ensure the home is healthy long after the construction project is completed. These devices can also be used prior to construction to identify any issues.

Air quality shall be certified to the RESET standard and should measure:

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC)
Humidity
Temperature
PM2.5

The device shall be set up and working and the homeowner must be trained on how to use it.

Resources & Studies

RESET air quality monitors

GreenHome Institute webinar: Introduction to real time air quality metrics and scores

Products that can help

Awair features an integrated and standalone air quality monitoring system that tracks air quality scores based on the level of pollutants and records patterns. The results can be sent to a phone or PC to inform occupants in real time.

Sunradon offers professional level monitors for monitoring multiple buildings, projects or for home inspectors to get certified radon reports. https://www.sunradon.com/

Verification

Receipt of product purchase, photos of the monitor in operation, and details on how to use it in the homeowner or tenant training manual.

Verification

Receipt of purchase of a product, photos of it being set up, and details on how to use it in the homeowner or tenant training manual.

Balanced fresh-air system installed and tested

Balanced fresh-air system installed and tested

Gold | Platinum

Better ventilation systems supply fresh air and exhaust stale air simultaneously and at the same rate in compliance with the ASHRAE 62.2 2016 standard (or higher) based on the number of bedrooms and square footage of the home. These systems may include a supply air vent fan as a standalone or in heating/cooling system and then exhaust air from a bath fan or other exhaust fan.

An alternative approach

Natural ventilation is allowed in warmer climates.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Whole-House Ventilation

GreenHome Institute CE webinar: How to improve the air with ventilation

Products that can help

Panasonic SelectCycler can communicate with a bath fan and furnace intake to bring in fresh air as needed.

Build Equinox CERV2 works to ensure balanced fresh air and monitor air quality, and has a built-in heat pump.

Verification

During predrywall or installation, confirm that the ducts do not have significant bends, turns, or drops to ensure proper flow. Photo document the installed device and label and use ventilation testing equipment to ensure proper flow meeting the ASHRAE 62.2 2016 (or higher) standard, which may also include results from a blower door test.

Reduce embodied carbon in materials

Reduce embodied carbon in materials

| Silver 10% | Gold 15% | Platinum 25%

Embodied carbon is the amount of carbon released in the process of obtaining or manufacturing construction materials before construction begins. It includes material extraction, production, transportation and disposal, along with construction practices and processes.

Reduce embodied carbon from the average 154 kg CO2e/m2 by: 10 percent for Silver, 15 percent for Gold, and 25 percent for Platinum.

Current approved modeling tools that can be used include:

Alternative approach

Use one or more of these pathways

Silver Level Only

Build a home or building with no concrete (besides landscape or site) instead of evaluating embodied carbon
Calculate the carbon produced from construction and purchase Renewable Energy Credits to offset the full amount
Add additional solar to the project (not allowed with GHI Zero Energy Certified badge) to offset all embodied carbon

Any level alternative

Build a small single family home of 800 square feet or less or a multifamily building with units averaging 600 square feet

Resources & Studies

Passive Buildings of Canada and Builders for Climate Action conducted a first-of-its-kind embodied energy study called EMBARC.

GreenHome Institute embodied carbon youtube “playlist”

Products that can help

Mineral wool reduces embodied carbon in most cases as compared to foam insulation. Consider using Rockwool exterior insulation or batts.

Verification

Provide results obtained from the embodied carbon modeling tool and compare to construction plans and specifications.

The kitchen must have proper ventilation through rangehood or outdoor air system or monitor

The kitchen must have proper ventilation through rangehood or outdoor air system or monitor

Silver | Gold | Platinum

The kitchen must have an outdoor air hood range tested to at least 100 CFM but no more than 400 CFM without additional makeup air such as a window nearby or intake that turns at 400 CFM. If the system is modulating, the makeup air is not required but owner education is.

Alternative approach

All these approaches require the stove to be electric

If an alternative system like an ERV/HRV or fan is serving the kitchen it must 5 air changes per hour or more defined by tested fan CFM AND kitchen volume.
Or – Use a RESET certified PM2.5 monitor and have a CO detector in the kitchen with a window and educate the occupant to use to be informed on pollution build-up in the kitchen.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Kitchen Exhaust Retrofit Duct Guide

Specify the exhaust system with 120 CFM or more to ensure the fan pulls at 100. When designing a system reduce bends and turns in ducts to ensure proper pull.

Products that can help

Panasonic rangehoods or Energy Recovery Ventilators
Awair certified Pm2.5 sensor

Verification

Reports of duct testing, note on plans, photos and other calculations.

Whole-house fresh air supply provided

Whole-house fresh air supply provided

Silver | Gold | Platinum

The home must have adequate fresh air provided either by supply or exhaust air. Balanced ventilation is suggested but is not required for Silver-level certification. Exhaust air is recommended in cooler climates, while supply air is suggested in warmer climates. This can be accomplished by using a continuously running or intermittent running bath fan or supply air fan in the furnace or alternative means. Systems must be tested to ensure they ventilate properly per the ASHRAE 62.2 2016 standard or higher.

An alternative approach

Passive ventilation may be allowed in milder climates.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Whole-Building Delivered Ventilation
Residential Energy Dynamics: Legacy Tool

Products that can help

Panasonic has several bath fans, supply fans, and energy recovery ventilators that will help you meet this goal.

Build Equinox offers the CERV2 smart ventilation system that be a whole house ventilation system that also conditions and filters air. It detects indoor air pollution and runs higher when the home or space is more polluted but runs lower when there is less.

Verification

System details, photos, reports and testing results.

Moisture resistant flooring in bathroom, kitchen & main entryways

Moisture resistant flooring in bathroom, kitchen & main entryways

Silver | Gold | Platinum

All main entrances, kitchens, bathrooms, and laundry rooms must a moisture-resistant flooring, usually that means avoiding carpet. We recommend avoiding or removing all carpet if possible

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Water-Resistant Flooring

Verification

Verification by GreenHome Inspection Report and/or photos.

Properly sized cooling equipment

Properly sized cooling equipment

Silver | Gold | Platinum

Ensure the installed cooling system is properly sized by using a certified Manual J 8th Edition report (or newer versions as they come out). This will ensure the system runs appropriately and dehumidifies. Consider using a modulating or two-stage system to handle extreme loads as the weather warms up during heat waves.

An alternative approach

ASHRAE manuals for larger systems on multifamily
ERI approved software with calculations
Passive House load calculations if done by a credentialed professional
Not required if there is no coolingResources & Studies

Manual J Version 8 ACCA

Products that can help

Mitsubishi offers air source heatpumps including ducted, ducted mini-splits and full mini-splits that are right-sized for low load homes that demand little cooling

Verification

Submit sizing documentation and specs and photos of installed cooling equipment

Evaluate embodied carbon

Evaluate embodied carbon

Certified | Silver | Gold | Platinum

Embodied carbon can contribute a substantial percentage of a home’s lifetime carbon emissions, with the remaining portion being from energy use.

While industry and governments work to solve this problem, embodied carbon can be reduced through better material selections.

New construction projects and renovations that involve additions must evaluate and report the embodied carbon associated with all materials associated with the project. While the Certified level only requires an evaluation and a report on the results, reductions or offsets are required at the Silver level and beyond.

Use one of these approved tools:

Beam Estimator
EC3 Tool
Passive Housing Planning Package Ribbon Software

Alternative approach

Achieve the GHI Zero Energy Certified Badge
Build 800 square feet or smaller for single family homes or 600 square feet on average in multifamily housing
Build with no concrete

Verification

Provide a report on the tool’s results.

If a fireplace exists, ensure occupants are not exposed to bad air quality

If a fireplace exists, ensure occupants are not exposed to bad air quality

Certified | Silver | Gold | Platinum

A fireplace needs to be sealed, vented, and equipped with makeup air, and a carbon monoxide detector must be placed in the same room.

Alternative approach

If a fireplace is not able to meet all of the above requirements, a low-level carbon monoxide detector must be installed nearby along with a RESET certified air quality monitor that can detect and easily inform occupants about rising levels of PM2.5 and carbon monoxide. Occupants must be trained and informed on how and why to use this.

Electric or LED fireplaces are preferred alternative options

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Fuel-burning and space-heating appliance emissions standards

Products that can help

If using the alternative approach, consider using an Awair device to ensure poor air quality is not continuous.

Verification

Photos and receipts of devices and install.

Reduce Air Leakage Between Units in Attached Housing

Reduce Air Leakage Between Units in Attached Housing

Certified | Silver | Gold | Platinum

Ensuring air does not move between housing units is good for occupant health and comfort and addresses concerns about the spread of airborne viruses. This is done by measuring air leakage with a blower door test and measuring the square footage of the walls, floors and ceilings to ensure 50 CFM per wall enclosure is achieved.

Certified
- New construction .4
- Renovation N/A
Silver
- New construction .3
- Renovation .4
Gold
- New construction .23
- Renovation .3
Platinum
- New construction .15
- Renovation .23

Alternative approach

None at this time

Resources & Studies

Green Building Advisor: Compartmentalization in Multifamily Buildings

GreenHome Institute webinar: Multifamily Air Sealing and Compartmentalization Strategies

Products that can help

One study shows Indow interior storm windows may reduce air loss by up to 10%

Verification

Energy Rater Testing Reports from Blower Door

Homeowner or tenant trained on how to maintain the building

Homeowner or tenant trained on how to maintain the building

Silver | Gold | Platinum

The people who live in the home or manage the building must be trained briefly on how to maintain the GreenStar Homes standards.

Alternative approach

Create a virtual walkthrough with videos and/or matterport that can be used anytime. If this is an owner-occupied project where the homeowner is managing the project, this is met.

Resources & Studies

Matterport example

Verification

Submit a summary on how the training takes place or how tenants are educated during unit turnover.

Create instructions documenting how to maintain the building

Create instructions documenting how to maintain the building
Silver | Gold | Platinum

Instructions must be completed and given to the homeowner or building manager.

Instructions shall include:

Dates and times for equipment maintenance and repair or replacement
Easy access to equipment manuals
Details how to maintain items in an easy to understand way
Contact information for professionals who may assist
Warranty dates
Any other relevant information

Consider creating videos or Matterport walkthroughs of the project with details on how to maintain systems.

Alternative approach

Create a virtual walkthrough with videos and/or matterport and verbal maintenance instructions

Resources & Studies

Green Door energy efficiency tool

Enterprise Green Communities Operations & Maintenance templates

Matterport example

Verification

All manuals must have a digital component and this will need to be shared with GHI

Gutter system draining away from home or well-draining sandy soils

Gutter system draining away from home or well-draining sandy soils

Certified

Ensure gutters are set up either externally or internally and are draining away from foundations to prevent moisture and water entry issues.

Gutters should appear in working order and not clogged upon inspection.

Alternative approach

Using USDA maps or an engineer’s sample report, verify that the area has well-draining sandy soils. There can also be foundational gutters installed around the home’s perimeter, such as french drains, which may be more appealing and work just as well.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Gutters and Downspouts

Verification

Photos, USDA maps or engineer’s report

Verification – Photos and/or GreenHome Inspection report completed by GreenStar Homes Inspector. A good home inspection report may suffice too.

Floorscore or Green Label Plus on new carpet

Floorscore or Green Label Plus on new carpet

Platinum

All new carpets shall be certified to Floorscore or Green Label Plus to ensure reduced VOCS.

Alternative approach

Other air quality certifications for carpets may apply.

Verification

Photos of carpeting and specs

No combustion fireplace present indoors

No combustion fireplace present indoors

Platinum

Do not install combustion-based fireplaces indoors; remove any existing combustion-based fireplaces. Electric fireplaces are allowed.

Alternative approach

Allowed as a backup heating source in the case of a power outage in climate zones 4+ if no other backup is available.

Verification

Plans and specs show no evidence of combustion-based fireplaces.

Advanced plumbing or hot water test passed

Advanced plumbing or hot water test passed

Platinum

Following the DOE Zero Energy Ready Home Requirements Rev 7 page 7 “No more than 0.6 gallons (2.3 liters) of water shall be collected from the hot water fixture before hot water is delivered. Only the fixture with the greatest stored volume between the fixture and the hot water source (or recirculation loop) needs to be tested. To field verify that the system meets the 0.6 gallon (2.3 liter) limit, verifiers shall first initiate operation of on-demand recirculation systems, if present, and let such systems run for at least 40 seconds….Next, a bucket or flow measuring bag (pre-marked for 0.6 gallons) shall be placed under the hot water fixture. The hot water shall be turned on completely and a digital temperature sensor used to record the initial temperature of the water flow. Once the water reaches the pre-marked line at 0.6 gallons (approximately 24 seconds for a lavatory faucet), the water shall be turned off and the ending temperature of the water flow (not the collection bucket) shall be recorded. The temperature of the water flow must increase by ≥ 10 °F.”

Resources & Studies

Review the GreenHome Institute CE webinar: Practically Perfect Plumbing Part 1 and Part 2

Verification

Complete and document the hot water test as listed above

Humidity control is present where appropriate by climate

Humidity control is present where appropriate by climate

Platinum

The ability to control humidity over changing weather conditions is very important for a building’s health and durability. Additional dehumidification also reduces A/C demand and overall energy use and can ensure dryer air in the spring and fall. Whole-home dehumidification or humidification that can maintain 40 – 50 dewpoint at all times shall be installed in homes in necessary climates.

Alternative approach

Natural humidity control can be sufficient in appropriate climates and verified through air quality monitoring to ensure it is effective.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute YouTube webinar playlist on Humidity Control

Products that can help

AprilAire dehumidification & humidication devices help ensure homes are comfortable and healthy in regards to moisture and energy-efficiency.

Controlling vapor in the building shell also helps ensure proper humidity levels. Rockwool insulation helps with this.

Verification

Photos and labels of installed systems. Details on how to use and maintain the system should be present in the manual and training.

Ventilation includes energy/heat recovery or smart features

Ventilation includes energy/heat recovery or smart features

Platinum

Approach 1 – The home will have balanced ventilation with heat recovery ventilators (HRV) or energy recovery ventilators (ERV) to ventilate the entire living space to ASHRAE 62.2 2016 standard (or higher) based on the number of bedrooms and square footage of the home.

Approach 2 – Have a smart system that works in coordination with the balanced system to detect poor air quality and ventilate the space as needed based on the settings of the system.

The system must be able to sense and detect air quality issues. Range hood must be able to detect PM2.5 and exhaust it when present, unless a balanced system provides air to the cooking area. The system shall operate in all bathrooms and kitchens and shall be able to sense and take action to expel pollutants, including:

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC)
Humidity
Temperature
PM2.5

The air quality monitoring requirement in the Gold level is met by using Approach 2, even if not RESET certified.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute youtube playlist: Smart Ventilation & Air Quality Monitors

Products that can help

Build Equinox CERV2 monitors air pollution in the home and has an exhaust function that turns on when levels are high but turns down to save energy when the air quality in the home is good.

Panasonic offers several solutions that can be used in smaller projects with decentralized, non-ducted systems up to larger projects requiring fully ducted 200 CFM energy recovery ventilators.

Also, they offer a monitoring switch system that can communicate with bath fans, air supply, and range hoods to detect air quality and exhaust pollutants as needed.

Verification

Photos and specifications on the system as well as ventilation testing data. Details on homeowner/tenant training and operations need to be presented as well.

Heating is all-electric

Heating is all-electric

Platinum

The main space heating system cannot be combustion-based and must be powered by electricity. A ground- or air-source heat pump system is ideal.

Alternative approach

Passive solar water heating systems, combined with passive solar heating, may be acceptable in appropriate climates.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute youtube heat pump playlist has all the education and details needed for air-source or ground-source heat pump systems.

NEEP has a great resource page including details, product lists, and installation guides for cold-weather-climate air source heat pumps.

Products that can help

Mitsubishi offers multiple solutions for heating and cooling efficiency in an all-electric way using ductless, ducted furnace-like systems and ducted mini-split systems. They also have VRF for commercial solutions. Their system uses hyper heat to keep operating when it is cold.

Build Equinox has an all-in-one heating, cooling, and ventilation systems that can work as a standalone in some smaller homes or milder climates and pairs well to distribute Mitsubishi mini split air.

Verification

Photos of installation both indoors and out. Photos of labels.

NEEP has a great resource page including details, product lists, and installation guides for cold weather climate air source heatpumps https://neep.org/high-performance-air-source-heat-pumps/air-source-heat-pump-installer-and-consumer-resources

Products that can help

Mitsubishi offers multiple solutions for heating and cooling efficiency and all electrically using ductless, ducted furnace-like systems and ducted mini-split systems. They also have VRF for commercial solutions. Their system uses hyper heat to keep operating when it is cold. Check out all their products here https://www.mitsubishicomfort.com/residential/products/wall-mounted-heating-and-cooling?modelID=MSZ-FS

Build Equinox has an all-in-one heating, cooling, and ventilation system that can work as a standalone in some smaller or milder climates or pairs well to distribute Mitsubishi mini-split air. https://buildequinox.com/

Verification

Photos of installation both inside and outside. Photos of labels.

All ducts are fully ducted and none are panned in the joists

All ducts are fully ducted and none are panned in the joists

Platinum

New and existing duct systems need to be fully ducted (hard or flex) to ensure a better functioning HVAC system that decreases energy loss and moisture issues and increases comfort. Ideally, ducts should be fully sealed with tape or mastic and tested for low duct leakage, though this is not required. Existing duct systems must be made to be fully ducted if they are not.

Alternative approach

Use ductless systems or ductless mini-splits

Install radiant systems

Use a blow in duct agent in existing home projects to achieve Energy Star Homes v3 Duct leakage may be allowable to some extent when the expense of replacing all ductwork is of concern; to be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Existing ductwork that is panned in the joist may be used for the ERV / HRV or supply air fan when using alternative heating and cooling.

Resources & Studies

Energy.gov: Building Cavities Not Used as Supply or Return Ducts

Products that can help

Mitsubishi has many ducted air source heat pumps and ductless systems that use hyper heat to perform in very cold climates.

Verification

Photo documentation of duct systems

Well water systems must use on-demand softeners

Well water systems must use on-demand softeners

Gold | Platinum

Water softeners, when present, shall run on demand based on water use. Make sure hardness is set to the appropriate level based on water testing. This is not needed for city water systems.

Verification

Photo of the installed system

Heating is dual fuel/hybrid or all-electric

Heating is dual fuel/hybrid or all-electric
Gold | Platinum

All heating systems that are gas-fired must have a heat pump integrated into them that runs when the temperature drops to a particular level. Newly installed systems in climate zone 4 + must have cold-weather climate models or integrated geothermal. Projects with mini-splits that meet this are allowed. Occupants must be educated on how and when to make the switch.

Alternative approach

Fireplaces used as backup heat in climate zone 4 + are allowed.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute webinar: Heatpumps & Gas: Cold Climate Hybrid Systems are here!

Products that can help

Mitsubishi intelli-HEAT has the ability to connect with an outdoor condenser and use a new or existing gas unit.

Verification

Photos of labels and installed products indoors and out, details and training for how to operate the system listed in the occupant manual.

Dryer is all-electric

Dryer is all-electric

Gold | Platinum
Heat pump dryers are the most efficient; traditional electric dryers are also acceptable. Condensing dryers allow for reduced penetrations in the walls, which results in less air leakage. Dryers should be Energy Star certified. Smart dryers are recommended.

Verification

Photo of installed dryer and label.

Cooking is all-electric

Cooking is all-electric

Gold | Platinum

Induction cooking is ideal but resistance is allowable.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute webinar: The future of the sustainable kitchen design: Induction Cooking & the Joys of Induction Cooking.

Verification

Photo of installed device

Water heating is all electric or solar

Water heating is all electric or solar

Gold | Platinum

Water heaters should be all-electric or solar thermal. Best approaches include geothermal desuperheaters or air source heat pumps. Resistance water heaters are allowed but may be expensive to operate and have high energy consumption.

Resources & Studies

GreenHome Institute webinar: Can we heat our water better using the air?

Products that can help

The Rheem Prestige Proterra features one of the highest-efficiency rated heat pump water heaters on the market. It can be integrated into a building smart system to manage time-of-use, leak detection, temperature settings, and maintenance notices.

Verification

Photos and label of installed device

No new ducts in floor panned in joists

No new ducts in floor panned in joists
Silver | Gold | Platinum

Panning ducts in the joists can cause leaky ducts and moisture issues. Ensure if any new duct work is being done that the ducts are fully ducted in both supply and return.

Alternative approach

Go ductless or ducted minisplit(s) or radiant

Resources & Studies

International Association of Certified Home Inspectors: Building Cavities Used as Supply or Return Ducts

Products that can help

Mitsubishi ductless and ducted mini-splits are the most efficient HVAC for air source heat pumps and eliminate costly ducting. Check them out

Verification

Photos

Refrigerant charge test completed on all AC / Heat pumps

Refrigerant charge test completed on all AC / Heat pumps

Silver | Gold | Platinum

An Energy Star charge test (section 2 of this form) or equivalent must be completed by an HVAC contractor on any new or existing AC units or heat pumps. This is important to ensure the unit functions correctly and efficiently and to avoid high energy bills. Recycle or capture the refrigerant from any AC units or heat pumps replaced during the project.

An alternative approach

Many newer systems come pre-charged and will therefore not require this test.

The energy rater can complete this test using the 310 Standard.

Products that can help

Mitsubishi air source heat pumps come pre-charged and do not require an additional test.

Verification

Submit the Energy Star charge test results signed by HVAC technician or the Energy Star Standard 310 completed by an Energy Rater.

New gas appliances must be sealed/vented or all-electric

New gas appliances must be sealed/vented or all-electric

Silver | Gold | Platinum

All gas furnaces and water heaters that are gas-powered must be sealed combustion or power vented for the exhaust.

Alternative approach

Use electric systems to avoid the need for combustion.

Resources & Studies

3 problems with naturally drafted appliances

Sealed combustion – BSC

Products that can help

Rheem has many products that can help from sealed combustion, on-demand tankless, and all-electric heat pumps.

Mitsubishi ducted and ductless all-electric heating systems avoid the need for gas and venting.

Verification

Photos and product specifications.

Bathfans must be tested to at least 50 CFM or more in each bathroom

Bathfans must be tested to at least 50 CFM or more in each bathroom

Silver | Gold | Platinum

Every bathroom requires a properly installed bath fan that is vented outdoors and tested to ensure at least 50 CFM or higher when it is running on and off or 20 CFM when continuously running if providing whole-home ventilation.

An alternative approach

Ideally you may want to use a heat or energy recovery ventilator to do this instead.

Resources & Studies

Bathfans ensure moisture removal from showers to stop mold and mildew. They can also be used as a quick and easy ventilation method for the entire house. For GreenStar your gas water heater will be tested to ensure it is not spilling out carbon monoxide which could be brought up or out by a running bathfan. Bathfans should be installed with a straight duct up, or out. Avoid bends or kinks and do not vent in the attic. Bathfans should be energy-star rated with a low sone rating so they are not too loud. Learn more at https://basc.pnnl.gov/resource-guides/bathroom-exhaust-fans

Products that can help

Panasonic makes many different types of bathfans to meet all your needs and their whisper green and value is very quiet if it is being used for continued ventilation. Consider selecting higher ventilation rates such 2 or 3 stage fans up to 80 or 110 CFM to ensure the fan draw can meet 50 CFM.

Verification

Testing results

Home breaker box is 200 amp and can fit future solar & electric car chargers

Home breaker box is 200 amp and can accommodate solar power and electric vehicle chargers

Platinum

Ensure the breaker box is set up to add future solar power and electric vehicle charging capabilities. This requirement is automatically met if there is already solar and at least one electric vehicle charger. Homes or buildings with no potential solar access are exempt from this requirement. Projects in areas with a walk score of 85 + do not require the installation of electric vehicle charging capabilities. An appropriate electrical outlet should be wired and installed in the garage or near the parking area.

Resources & Studies

DOE Zero Energy Home PV-Ready Checklist

Verification

Completed solar-ready checklist, photos of all details and breaker box.

Home appliances made for the time of use/peak load avoidance

Home appliances made for the time of use/peak load avoidance

Platinum

Approach 1

Select appliances that can be programmed to operate when the grid is not at peak power usage. These can either be smart devices or those with the ability to be set to run at certain times. These include:

Dishwasher
Clothes washer
Dryer
Water heater (unless geothermal or solar)

Approach 2

Install an in-home battery system that can be programmed to run at off-peak times or set up a time-of-use plan through the local utility.

Products that can help

The Rheem hybrid electric water heater has settings that can time the operation so that it runs during off-peak times only. Experimental programs coordinate with this device and the utilities to have the water heater function like a battery.

Verification

Document details of each device, battery, and/or smart home system. Submit in the manual and training showing how to set these devices up and ensure they properly keep the home off peak energy use times with a local utility program.

Verification

Document details of each device, battery, and/or smart home system. Submit homeowner operations manual showing how to set these devices up and ensure they work to keep home off-peak with a local utility program.

A majority of lighting should be LED

A majority of lighting should be LED

Certified

Verification – Receipts, photos and/or GreenHome Inspection Report

No knob and tube wiring remains in the home

No knob and tube wiring remains in the home

Certified

If knob and tube wiring exists, it must be removed and replaced as it is a fire hazard.

Resource

International Association of Certified Home Inspectors: Knob-and-tube wiring

Verification

Electrification work receipt and GreenHome Inspector report

No radon detected above PCL 4 when tested or system installed

No radon detected above PCL 4 when tested or system installed

Certified

Passive radon mitigation system installed or radon test showing levels below PCL 4.

Complete a radon test of the property using any valid method such as laboratory kits, home inspector 3-day test, or an ongoing radon monitor. If the results show the presence of radon above PCL 4, an active radon system must be installed.

Existing homes in EPA zone 1 and all new construction homes in any EPA zone must install a radon mitigation system. It can be active or passive, and must include foundation work when applicable and passive venting described in EPA Indoor Air Plus.

Alternative approach

Each ground-level home or unit must install a RESET certified or other approved continuous radon monitor in the lowest level. It must include instructions and training details for the occupants and building managers to operate.

Multifamily / Mixed Use

Projects with no-grade units and/or with underground parking are exempt.

Resources & Studies

EPA.gov: Radon

Products that can help

Aprilaire offers a radon mitigation system that can be used in new and existing homes.

SunRadon offers continuous radon monitoring devices for individuals, businesses and inspectors to determine if there an issue with radon or if radon mitigation is effective.

Verification

Test results

If a system is installed, include photos of the system installation and any foundation work completed.

Mitigate any asbestos or ensure none present

Mitigate any asbestos or ensure none present

Certified

Asbestos is a serious issue that can cause many health problems. An inspection performed by a qualified professional must confirm the absence of asbestos or that the risk has been effectively mitigated.

Alternative approach

Renovation includes new ducts and insulation in the attic

Resources & Studies

Asbestos.com Guide to Asbestos in the Home

Verification

Energy Rater should avoid blower door testing if asbestos is present and should instead estimate air leakage until the risk of exposure to asbestos has been eliminated

Asbestos remediation report or GHI Inspector’s notes

Review and resolve any potential lead issues in pre-1978 homes

Review and resolve any potential lead issues in pre-1978 homes

Certified

Lead is a serious issue that can cause behavioral issues in children and other health problems. Homes built before 1978 require a lead action plan and/or disclosure signed off on by the project developer. Lead can be a very subjective issue, so this can be discussed with your GreenStar Homes Reviewer on a case-by-case basis.

Lead may also exist in old pipes and plumbing, and you may wish to test for this.

Alternative approach

The ideal approach is to have a lead specialist review and lead sampling.

Resources & Studies

EPA.gov: Protect Your Family from Sources of Lead

Verification

Lead abatement contractor, home inspector, or builder completion of Lead Abatement acknowledgement. Homes newer than 1978 are exempt from this requirement.

Drains under tank water heater in or above living space

Drains under tank water heater in or above living space

Certified

Tank water heaters that are above living space or located in it, including a basement with any finished space, must have a drain pan that is piped to a drain. This is to protect against water damage if a leak springs.
An alternative approach

Utility rooms with sloped ground towards the drain will work in place of a pan.

Products that help

Rheem water heaters can come with drain pan and leak detection.

Verification

Photo(s)

Use steel-braided hoses or drain pans under clothes washers

Use steel-braided hoses or drain pans under clothes washers

Certified

Steel-braided hoses reduce leaks from clothes washers by 90 percent. A drain pan placed directly under or floor drain located near the washer will prevent further damage to the floor below if a leak occurs.

Alternative approach

Install a water leak monitoring device that restricts flow automatically.

Verification

Photo(s)

Plumbing leak and pressure test shows no leaks

Plumbing leak and pressure test shows no leaks

Certified

Every home or building must be tested to ensure there are no water leaks and to measure the water pressure. The test can be done by taking a pressure reading inside or out, turning off the water at the mainline, and then waiting to see if there is a significant pressure drop. Ideally, the test is performed by a plumber using the line depressurization test. If there is a leak, it must be fixed.

Alternative approach

Consider a water leak and water use real-time monitoring system.

Resources & Studies

The Spruce: How to Test Your Home’s Water Pressure

Bob Vila: How to Find a Plumbing Leak

Verification

GreenHome Inspector will do leak inspection during final test and report results
The plumber working on the project may record water pressure and leak test results here.

Use at least MERV 8 – 16 Rated Filters on Ducted Systems

Use at least MERV 8 – 16 Rated Filters on Ducted Systems

Certified Level – MERV 8 | Silver Level – MERV 10 | Gold Level – MERV 13 | Platinum Level – MERV 16

MERV filtration helps remove pollution from the air to improve indoor air quality. Higher levels such as 13 and especially 16 can reduce airborne viruses.

Energy or Heat Recovery Ventilators should have at least MERV 13 filters installed.

Alternative approach

HEPA-rated filters are approved for use in Certified, Silver, and Gold levels.
Mini-splits and radiant systems used in the absence of a traditional furnace system render this requirement not applicable.
A static pressure test should be performed by a professional to ensure the system can handle the higher-rated filter. MERV filtration has the potential to harm static pressure, especially in older systems, so if necessary, use the highest acceptable filter for Certified and Silver-level certifications for existing homes only. All new construction should be tested and should achieve appropriate static pressure.

Resources & Studies

Nate the house whisperer, short video on static pressure.
Trutech tools static pressure testing details.

Products that can help

Aprilaire air filters can help quickly reduce airborne pollution.

Mitsubishi offers ductless or ducted air source heat pumps, which can handle higher-rated filters, or mini-splits to avoid these filters altogether.

Verification

Photos, receipts of filter purchase, and/or static pressure reports.

Carbon Monoxide detectors are installed on all floors and near fireplaces

Carbon Monoxide detectors are installed on all floors and near fireplaces

Certified

Hardwired CO detectors with battery backup must be installed on all floors and next to any fireplaces, even in all-electric homes. Low-level CO detectors are recommended, though dual smoke/CO detectors are acceptable.

Alternative approach

Because backup energy should prevent the need for generators or CO-generating heating devices during an outage, homes or buildings that obtain the power resiliency badge, which requires backup energy, may skip this.

Verification

Photos of the installed CO detectors, receipt of order.

Test combustion-based appliances for CO leaks and replace or repair if found

Test combustion-based appliances for CO leaks and replace or repair if found

Certified Level

Every home or unit with gas must be tested for carbon monoxide leaks from combustion-based appliances.

An alternative approach

Use sealed-combustion equipment or opt for all electric.

Resources & Studies

Building Performance Institute: Safety inspection

Verification

The GreenHome Institute Inspector should complete a test, and reports and results should include if there are any issues and where they are found. Video documentation of HVAC, plumber, and/or a home inspector is allowed. If the home is all-electric, no further requirements are needed.

No gas leaks found from inspection

No gas leaks found from inspection

Certified

Every home or unit with gas must be tested both inside and at the meter to ensure there are no gas leaks. Test all gas appliances and piping with a handheld gas detector. Even newly installed equipment is frequently found to have gas leaks.

Alternative approach

Consider going all-electric to avoid gas leaks.

Resources & Studies

RESNET Chapter 8 proposed amendment:

“806 GAS LEAKAGE TEST

If there is a noticeable odor indicating gas buildup within the home, the occupants and Auditor shall leave the house and the appropriate authorities and utility providers shall be notified from outside the home. The Auditor should use a gas detector upon entry into the home to detect the presence of natural gas. If gas is suspected or confirmed, ensure that switches are not operated while exiting and no ignition concerns are present. The audit shall not proceed until the proper

authorities have deemed it safe to re-enter the home. If there is no noticeable odor indicating gas buildup within the home, the Auditor shall determine if there are gas leaks in the fittings and connections of natural gas appliances within the home and natural gas/liquid propane supply lines following these protocols.

Inspect all fittings and joints in supply lines and appliance connectors and confirm suspected leaks with leak-detection fluid. Identify for repair or replacement any kinked, corroded or visibly worn flexible gas lines and any flexible connectors manufactured prior to 1974.

806.1 Equipment needed

Combustible gas detector capable of measuring 20 ppm

Leak detection fluid (non-corrosive)”

Products that can help

The BPI Basics Kit

Verification

Reports and results of testing performed by GreenHome Inspector or professional home inspector, noting the location of any leaks found. Video documentation of HVAC, plumber, and/or utility company performing leak testing. Verification of home being all electric.

Electric stove OR Range hood is tested to vent outdoors at 100 CFM

Electric stove OR Range hood is tested to vent outdoors at 100 CFM

Certified

Stoves produce PM2.5, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and other pollutants and must be vented to ensure a healthier home. Electric stoves give off much less pollution than do gas stoves, though pollution is still released. Stoves can also contribute to moisture in the home. At the Certified level, the options are electric stove, induction stove, or venting the range hood directly outside and having it tested at 100 CFM or higher.

Building Performance Institute (BPI) protocols require testing burners on older gas stoves to ensure limited emissions from CO.

Alternative approach

If the kitchen has a bath fan or some supply or exhaust fan (such as from an ERV), provide verification showing five air changes per hour based on the volume of the defined kitchen space. Note: ERVs without boost function do not vent pollution as quickly as direct vents.
Projects with a window in the kitchen can use a RESET-certified device that can detect PM2.5, VOCs, and humidity, and alert the occupant if levels are high. Certification requires that the occupant be trained and educated on this (documentation required).
Builders/Developers not providing stoves must show no gas lines or hookups to meet this requirement.

Resources & Studies

A recent study by the National Center for Healthy Housing found that ventilation significantly reduces cooking pollution, except for NO2, from gas stoves.

Energy.gov: Kitchen Exhaust Fans

Energy.gov: Kitchen Exhaust Retrofit Duct Guide

Products that can help

Panasonic offers a variety of ventilation systems that can be used to exhaust a kitchen, depending on your project type. Range hoods, vent fans, stand-alone ERVS, or whole home ERVs. Learn more here.

The Awair air quality monitor can detect PM2.5 and alert occupants to take action to improve air quality.

Verification

Photos and documentation of the electric stove or documentation, reports, and testing results of the ventilation system in place.

Properly exhausting bath fans in each bathroom

Properly exhausting bath fans in each bathroom

Certified

Every bathroom requires a properly installed bath fan that is vented outdoors and ventilates appropriately based on the “toilet paper test.” To perform the test, hold up a piece of toilet paper and see if it stays attached to the fan without falling. Preferably the fan should be tested by an HVAC professional or GreenHome Inspector to reach 50 CFM or higher (required for Silver-level certification).

Alternative approach

Installing a heat or energy recovery ventilator instead is ideal.

Resources & Studies

Bath fans help to remove moisture from showers and can therefore stop mold and mildew. They can also be used as a quick and easy ventilation method for the entire house. Because bath fans have the potential to distribute or circulate carbon monoxide, GreenStar requires that gas water heaters be tested to rule out leaks. Bath fans should be installed with a straight duct going up or out, avoiding bends or kinks, and should not be vented into the attic. Bath fans should be Energy Star certified with a low sone rating (not too loud).

Energy.gov: Bathroom Exhaust Fans

Products that can help

Panasonic has many different options for bath fans. Their ‘Whisper Green’ and ‘Value’ models are very quiet and can be used for continued ventilation.

Verification

Video of the toilet paper test, fan photo, and specifications on the fan. Receipt of installation

Determine the project’s future climate risks

Determine the project’s future climate risks

Certified | Silver | Gold | Platinum

Determine the risks associated with the existing project site using the Portfolio Protect resource. Document risks and communicate them to occupant(s) or owner.

Actions need to be taken through design and renovation to mitigate, adapt and/or resist risk based on risk level:

Silver – Any risk with a rating of 5 (High)
Gold – Any risk with a rating of 4 (Medium High)
Platinum – Any risk with a rating of 3 (Medium)

Many of the requirements in the higher levels of GreenStar Homes correspond with a risk reduction and can be used as an acceptable action. Actions for existing home repairs may be limited and may be discussed with the reviewer and GreenHome Inspector.

Alternative approach

Phase II environmental reports on larger projects may be able to document specific risks to the project such as flooding. Alternative flood and climate change reports may be allowed. Many larger cities with universities have documented these risks through local research and studies. Other suggestions are welcome.

Resources & Studies

Strategies for building multifamily resilience | Riskfactor.com | Climatecheck.com | RELI
National Risk Index | FEMA.gov | Fortified

Verification

Upload reports to email or file share. If action needs to be taken, document what actions and remedies will be taken.

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