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Cottage Home Sets New Standard for Sustainable Lakefront Living

Using his home building expertise, Brian Bosgraaf started Cottage Home in 2000 specializing in building custom homes along Lake Michigan. Cottage Home has designed and built more than 70 custom homes along the West Michigan shoreline, including 13 LEED certified homes. In an interview with Brian, he expressed his passion for LEED certification and sustainable construction practices.

hen Brian and Jeremy vanEyk (Vice President) were asked about their commitment to building LEED, they responded that Cottage Home is committed to utilizing healthy, affordable, efficient, and durable construction practices that are already above code, energy star and even LEED at times. Brian says he considers LEED only one of the many tools in his toolbox. Other such tools include creative design, customer service, careful selection of materials, and creating a sense of place. In order to make it simple for the customer, Cottage Home uses a fixed price prior to starting construction which already includes LEED qualifications. This allows some of the cost of LEED certification to be absorbed by both the customer and through the Cottage Homes marketing budget.  Brian believes this method works due to his design and construction teams working together throughout the construction process, which creates a feedback loop that fosters constant improvement.  Including LEED certification into the final cost helps facilitate more sales than presenting each option with separate pricing.

Since many homeowners today are educated and concerned about sustainability and environmental issues,  many take time to study the details of LEED on the website of Cottage Home and take comfort in knowing LEED is a third party certification. Clients are aware of LEED’s achievements and credibility, and often wonder about how changes to the house affect the LEED certification level. Much of Cottage Home’s customer base is from the Chicago area where LEED is prevalent in their office buildings, and a result, many clients have experienced the advantages offered by LEED construction firsthand. These clients have often already invested in commercial LEED projects and are now ready to transition these same high standards to their personal lives. Jeremy decided to experience the benefits of LEED firsthand and chose to have his own house in Zeeland, certified LEED Platinum.

Building on the lake front comes with complications such as extreme wind loads, humid changes, temperature fluctuation, and other variables. To overcome these challenges, Cottage Home uses high performance home measures to control the entire process though design, build, and some maintenance which allows more control of green features. Cottage Home designs and builds what is right for each particular home which may result in homes varying in different HVAC, insulation, passive solar heating, and various climate control systems.  One particular feature that is commonly used in these homes, including Jeremys, is an ERV (Energy Recovery Ventilator).   An ERV automatically exhausts stale air from the inside of the house and replaces it with fresh air from the outside.  Another key feature used in many of the homes is a geothermal system.  There are a few different types used, but all contribute to the energy efficiency of the homes in some way.  Several techniques are used to increase water efficiency in the homes, such as tankless water heaters, which only heat water when necessary, water collection systems to help with sprinking and irrigation, and faucets and showerheads that work with less water than traditional ones.  Insulation, as well as materials such as flooring, home furnishings and walls are all aspects that need to be carefully considered when building these homes.

As leaders in the industry we asked Brian and Jeremy what they saw in the future of design and construction. Jeremy believes that being able to evaluate the effectiveness of high performance systems and insulation through energy bills is important. Along with water collection systems to reduce storm water runoff and help irrigate the lawn.  Brian agrees that we should have a system to allow clients to ensure they are getting the most effective homes. He foresees homes that can be manipulated to meet the client’s needs at any given time. An example of this would be homes with the ability to accommodate a family of four, which can then transition to accommodate sleeping arrangements for twenty. Along with being able to better meet a client’s needs, he would like to see energy loads distributed to only sections of the house in use, as well as the ability for clients to control how energy is used throughout the home (on site and from satellite locations).  Cottage Home sees one challenge to moving forward with these ideas is getting sub-contractors to approach basic air sealing, insulation, proper HVAC sizing, and design aesthetics with an effective mindset. Cottage Home has established themselves as innovators and leaders in the design of luxury LEED lake front homes. They continue to partner quality, design and the environment hand in hand to produce sustainability along our beaches.

Quick Numbers – Average HERS Score 51 Average LEED score 75 

Learn & see more about their LEED projects below.

51 W. Central

Beach House on Monroe Blvd.

Fabun Road Cottage

Green Cottage at Suequehanna

LakeBridge Beach House

LakeBridge One

Monroe Beach House

North Beach Cottage

Northgate Lake Home

Pier Cove Cottage

Summer’s Gate 4 and 8

The Havens Cottage

Waukazoo Woods Residence

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Durability Planning and Prerequisites in LEED Homes

Those familiar with the LEED for Homes rating system know there are many prerequisites that all projects must meet prior to Certification. These are spread across the credit areas, so there are prerequisites in Indoor Environmental Quality, Energy, Materials and Resources, and more.

One area that is a bit confusing is the Innovation and Design prerequisite for Durability Planning and Management (ID  prereq 2). This is a two-step process to help ensure homes are durable and built to last by mitigating any local climate variables on the home.  The first step is to identify risks, and the second is to identify strategies to address those risks. For example, if the home is being built in an area with high air infiltration, heat loss, and water infiltration, what design and construction strategies are being used to mitigate these issues?

Flooding impacts a building's durability

Often times, these durability strategies are common to local building practices and are already being planned by the project team (e.g. attention to window flashing details, moisture management, etc), but in a LEED  home, the project team is taking these strategies and mapping them to specific risks.  With this kind of attention and the third-party verification most LEED homes pursue (ID 2.3), you can see why home insurance companies are willing to give premium discounts for LEED-certified homes.

There are also design and construction practices that affect the durability of the home and potential health of the homeowners inside the home, particularly related to moisture management. As such, the LEED for Homes checklist has several durability strategies that are pre-filled for the project team. These are basically hidden prerequisites in the rating system within ID 2.1. Some examples include:

  • Carpet is not allowed within 3-feet of an egress door.
  • HVAC distribution system must be fully ducted (no wall or floor cavities can be used as ducts).
  • Paperless drywall required around tubs/showers (not “green board” drywall).
  • Washers in or above finished spaces must be on drain basins or have a “single-throw” laundry valve accessible to the occupant.

Many of these items are common sense practices that quality builders have been doing for years. Nevertheless, all LEED homes must meet these specifications.  They can be found on the “Durability Inspection” tab of the LEED for Homes checklist.

While talking generally about Prerequisites in LEED for Homes, I’d be remiss if I didn’t mention some of the common ones that may be easy for project teams to miss:

  • Carbon monoxide detectors required in each unit on every level. (IEQ 2.1)
  • In split-system air conditioners the refrigerant charge must be weighed in the field. (EA 11.1)
  • Kitchen range hoods must be ducted to the outdoors. (IEQ 5.1)
  • Bathroom exhaust fans must be Energy Star rated and ducted to the outdoors. (IEQ 5.1)
  • Manual J & D calculations (or equivalent) must be done room x room for duct sizing. (IEQ 6.1)
  • Any fireplaces and woodstoves must have doors (IEQ 2.1)
  • Site erosion controls must be in place during construction (SS 1.1)

The list above is just a partial list – there are more prerequisites in the LEED for Homes rating system. This is just a sample of some that we have seen project teams question or miss.

As you can see, the project team needs to put a lot of thought into the design of the homes to help ensure every LEED-certified home is durable and built to last for many, many years.

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Fietler Residence LEED Gold Home

This home which includes a 700-square-foot garage with radiant heat, uses a 6-zone geothermal radiant heating and cooling system. Ninety-five percent of the lighting is LED. The insulation is wood-fiber cellulose and recycled materials. There is no carpet; all the floors are hardwoods, ceramic tile and linoleum. Automated clearstory windows for whole-house ventilation All the paints on the walls and adhesives used with the flooring meet LEED’s standards for low volatile organic compound emissions. It just missed being the first single-family home in northeast Indiana for LEED certification.

The exterior of the home was constructed using commercial grade metal siding and standing seam roof. The home was designed for a 4 kilowatt photovoltaic system to harness year around southern sun exposure. With the use of these technologies, the home will have the potential to be “off-thegrid” and be able to operate completely independently of all traditional public utility services. Recycled, re used and locally harvested wood.

“It will stand up to an F4 tornado,” Thornsbury said.

Download / View online Project Profile Here.

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Energy Star Homes to significantly change in 2011

New Energy Star for Homes Guidelines

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has released the Version 3 Guidelines for ENERGY STAR® Qualified New Homes.

The new guidelines are quite a step up from the existing Energy Star guidelines, and specify two compliance paths. The prescriptive path applies only to homes that fall within the size limits of a Benchmark Home. Under the prescriptive path, the builder must meet the requirements of a reference design and mandatory testing requirements. The reference design requires insulation levels that meet or exceed the 2009 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) requirements, as well as setting forth standards for HVAC equipment, domestic hot water, thermostats, ductwork, lighting, and appliances.

The Mandatory Requirements for All Qualified Homes require professional third-party rating for thermal enclosure, HVAC, and water management. Many of these measures are currently being done now in LEED for Homes projects, such as the pre-drywall inspection and the Durability evaluation and third-party verification.

In the Energy Star v3 performance path, homes must meet a target score on the Home Energy Rating Service (HERS) rating scale, using RESNET-accredited home rating software as well as meeting the Mandatory Requirements and having all insulation, windows, doors, and skylights meeting IECC 2009. The new 3.0 guidelines go into partial effect for most new homes on 1/1/2011, and full effect on 1/1/2012.

On a related note, LEED for Homes is also planning a revision in 2012, which will likely go out for public comment this fall. Many of the optional performance tests in LEED for Homes, such as outdoor air flow (IEQ 4.3), bedrooms and kitchen / bathroom exhaust (IEQ 5.3) and air supply (IEQ 6.3) testing will be required as part of the Energy Star v3 changes. Keep your eyes open to see how the next version of LEED for Homes will take into account the Energy Star v3 changes.

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LEED for Homes Myth #2: Documentation Requirements

How difficult is it to document a LEED for Homes project? Many people are familiar with LEED projects done under the commercial rating systems, such as Interior Design and Construction (ID+C) or New Construction, now known as Building Design and Construction (BD+C). Or perhaps you have heard about the large binders of documentation that a project team has to assemble and submit to the USGBC for review and final LEED certification.

If you think LEED for Homes has equally difficult documentation requirements, think again.  The reality is that documenting a LEED for Homes project is quite simple.  The main submission is a small packet of pre-formatted documents, the LEED for Homes Project Checklist, which are generated from a single MS Excel file with multiple tabs for different submission information. Best of all, the forms are bundled together in the one single Excel file.

To further clarify the final submission package, so that you understand the terminology and names of the individual documents, the key submittal components include:

  1. LEED for Homes project summary information
  2. LEED for Homes checklist (both a summary and detailed view)
  3. Durability evaluation form (identify potential risks to the building such as heat loss, flooding, etc)
  4. Durability checklist (identify strategies to address each durability risk)
  5. Accountability forms (described below)
  6. Other supporting documentation (water use calculations, multi-home and multi-family forms, thermal bypass checklist)

And that’s it! So what’s not included in the final submission? Well, instead of having the manufacturer’s spec sheets for all of the materials and resources, or extensive templates for each credit, etc, etc, blah blah blah. Instead, in a LEED for Homes project, the final submission simply includes accountability forms that are signed off by the relevant parties.

Separate accountability forms are submitted by the builder, architect, general contractor, landscape professional, or other relevant parties. The accountability forms are fairly straightforward, requiring the responsible party to initial next to each LEED for Homes credit that is pursued. The team does need to have backup documentation if any questions arise or if the project is audited, but much of that backup documentation is not submitted as part of the LEED certification, and is typically provided as part of the required homeowner’s manual anyway.

Another unique aspect of a LEED for Homes project is an evaluation of the home’s durability and a plan of strategies to address any risks. For example, a home in Illinois may be located in a high radon zone, and may also be at high risk for high air infiltration and heat loss.  Each of these factors should have some design strategies that address these issues. The project team may already be planning some of these strategies, such as having a radon mitigation system, improved air sealing, and high insulation in the building. For documentation, the project team simply maps these design strategies to the durability risks. In many cases, the durability strategies are the same from project to project, and quite possibly are what the local building code would require for permit.

In summary, all required documentation for a LEED for Homes project is contained in one Excel file, making the documentation requirements for a LEED for Homes project much simpler than what is needed for other LEED projects. This can be particularly attractive for a builder doing a multi-home subdivision or multi-family development. Download the LEED for Homes checklist to explore the documentation requirements further, or contact us with any questions.